Regional spillover research and development investment: A geographically weighted regression approach

C.5 Geographically Weighted Regression

Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was introduced to the geography literature by Brunsdon et al. (1996) to study the potential for relationships in a regression model to vary in geographical space, or what is termed parametric nonstationarity. GWR is based on the non-parametric technique of locally weighted regression developed in statistics for curve-fitting and smoothing applications, w...

Geographically Weighted Regression White Paper

A modification to geographically weighted regression

BACKGROUND Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is a modelling technique designed to deal with spatial non-stationarity, e.g., the mean values vary by locations. It has been widely used as a visualization tool to explore the patterns of spatial data. However, the GWR tends to produce unsmooth surfaces when the mean parameters have considerable variations, partly due to that all parameter es...

A Family of Geographically Weighted Regression Models

A Bayesian treatment of locally linear regression methods introduced in McMillen (1996) and labeled geographically weighted regressions (GWR) in Brunsdon, Fotheringham and Charlton (1996) is set forth in this paper. GWR uses distance-decay-weighted sub-samples of the data to produce locally linear estimates for every point in space. While the use of locally linear regression represents a true c...

Mapping the Results of Geographically Weighted Regression

Geographically weighted regression (GWR) is a local spatial statistical technique for exploring spatial nonstationarity. Previous approaches to mapping the results of GWR have primarily employed an equal step classification and sequential no-hue colour scheme for choropleth mapping of parameter estimates. This cartographic approach may hinder the exploration of spatial nonstationarity by inadeq...